\u968f\u7740\u5065\u8eab\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd0\u52a8\u88c5\u5907\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u5347\u7ea7\u3002\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u670d\u88c5\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u53d1\u6c57\u6548\u679c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u548c\u559c\u7231\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u670d\u88c5\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u9762\u6599\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u7a7f\u6234\u8005\u5728\u8fd0\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6392\u6c57\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fbe\u5230\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u953b\u70bc\u6548\u679c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5e02\u573a\u8c03\u7814\u6570\u636e\uff0c2022\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u8fd0\u52a8\u670d\u88c5\u5e02\u573a\u89c4\u6a21\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86XX\u4ebf\u5143\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u4efd\u989d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u521b\u65b0\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u5bfc\u70ed\u6027\u548c\u900f\u6c14\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\u9886\u57df\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9762\u6599\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u52a0\u901f\u6c57\u6c34\u84b8\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u8212\u9002\u611f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u5728\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u4f9d\u7136\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u5e72\u723d\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u7684\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fd0\u52a8\u6548\u7387\u8fbe15%-20%\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u4f17\u591a\u5065\u8eab\u7231\u597d\u8005\u7684\u76ee\u5149\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u5e02\u573a\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6d88\u8d39\u7fa4\u4f53\u96c6\u4e2d\u572820-40\u5c81\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u8ffd\u6c42\u9ad8\u6548\u5065\u8eab\u6548\u679c\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5bf9\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4ee5\u53ca\u54c1\u724c\u4fe1\u8a89\u90fd\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5065\u5eb7\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u5173\u6ce8\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u6269\u5927\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b3e\u4f18\u8d28\u7684\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u66f4\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u73b0\u4ee3\u4eba\u5bf9\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u96c6\u6210\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u9ad8\u79d1\u6280\u7279\u6027\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u5728\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5c06\u94f6\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u4e0e\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7279\u6027\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9762\u6599\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4e09\u5c42\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u5916\u5c42\u4e3a\u8010\u78e8\u9632\u6c34\u5c42\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u4e3a\u94f6\u79bb\u5b50\u529f\u80fd\u5c42\uff0c\u5185\u5c42\u4e3a\u4eb2\u80a4\u900f\u6c14\u5c42\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u663e\u8457\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u5176\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u5bfc\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u94f6\u79bb\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u5177\u6709\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u5bfc\u7535\u6027\u548c\u5bfc\u70ed\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u5c06\u70ed\u91cf\u4ece\u8eab\u4f53\u8868\u9762\u4f20\u5bfc\u5230\u5916\u754c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\uff08Smith et al., 2019\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a7f\u7740\u8005\u5728\u8fd0\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u6563\u53d1\u4f53\u5185\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u8fc7\u5ea6\u51fa\u6c57\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4e0d\u9002\u611f\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u5bfc\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u4eba\u4f53\u7684\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u71c3\u70e7\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5361\u8def\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u5177\u5907\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u6297\u83cc\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u94f6\u79bb\u5b50\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5929\u7136\u7684\u6297\u83cc\u5242\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7834\u574f\u7ec6\u83cc\u7ec6\u80de\u58c1\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6291\u5236\u7ec6\u83cc\u7e41\u6b96\uff08Li & Zhang, 2020\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u8863\u7269\u4e5f\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u6e05\u65b0\u65e0\u5f02\u5473\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6297\u83cc\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5e38\u8fdb\u884c\u6237\u5916\u6216\u5065\u8eab\u623f\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bf4\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7a7f\u7740\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u8fd8\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6d17\u6da4\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u5ef6\u957f\u4e86\u670d\u88c5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u8fd8\u62e5\u6709\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u900f\u6c14\u6027\u548c\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\u3002\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5fae\u5b54\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5141\u8bb8\u7a7a\u6c14\u81ea\u7531\u6d41\u901a\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u76ae\u80a4\u8868\u9762\u59cb\u7ec8\u5904\u4e8e\u5e72\u723d\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e00\u9879\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u7684\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u666e\u901a\u6da4\u7eb6\u6750\u8d28\u7684\u670d\u88c5\uff0c\u900f\u6c14\u6027\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7ea630%\uff08Wang et al., 2021\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ad8\u900f\u6c14\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u7528\u6237\u5728\u8fd0\u52a8\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8c03\u8282\u4f53\u6e29\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u56e0\u95f7\u70ed\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u75b2\u52b3\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u5bfc\u70ed\u6027\u3001\u6297\u83cc\u6027\u548c\u900f\u6c14\u6027\u4e09\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5236\u9020\u9ad8\u54c1\u8d28\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u6750\u6599\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u4ea7\u54c1\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u683c\u8be6\u7ec6\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u8be5\u7c7b\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u53ca\u5176\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u6570\u540d\u79f0<\/th>\n | \u5355\u4f4d<\/th>\n | \u6570\u503c\u8303\u56f4<\/th>\n | \u7279\u70b9\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570<\/td>\n | W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/td>\n | 400-500<\/td>\n | \u9ad8\u6548\u5bfc\u70ed\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6563\u70ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||
\u6297\u83cc\u7387<\/td>\n | %<\/td>\n | >99.9<\/td>\n | \u5f3a\u6548\u6291\u83cc\uff0c\u6301\u4e45\u6e05\u65b0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||
\u900f\u6c14\u6307\u6570<\/td>\n | mm\/s<\/td>\n | 80-100<\/td>\n | \u826f\u597d\u900f\u6c14\uff0c\u8212\u9002\u5e72\u723d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||
\u62c9\u4f38\u5f3a\u5ea6<\/td>\n | MPa<\/td>\n | 30-40<\/td>\n | \u9ad8\u5f39\u6027\uff0c\u8d34\u5408\u8eab\u5f62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||
\u8010\u78e8\u6307\u6570<\/td>\n | \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570<\/td>\n | >5000<\/td>\n | \u8010\u7528\u6027\u5f3a\uff0c\u7ecf\u4e45\u8010\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u4e0a\u8ff0\u53c2\u6570\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5176\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\u9ad8\u8fbe400-500 W\/(m\u00b7K)\uff0c\u8fdc\u8d85\u666e\u901a\u8fd0\u52a8\u9762\u6599\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8fc5\u901f\u5c06\u8eab\u4f53\u70ed\u91cf\u6563\u53d1\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u51c9\u723d\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc799.9%\u7684\u6297\u83cc\u7387\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u670d\u88c5\u5728\u591a\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u4ecd\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u6e05\u6d01\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u5f02\u5473\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u900f\u6c14\u6307\u6570\u548c\u62c9\u4f38\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5219\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b3e\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u8ba9\u7a7a\u6c14\u987a\u7545\u6d41\u901a\uff0c\u8fd8\u5177\u5907\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u67d4\u97e7\u6027\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5404\u79cd\u4f53\u578b\u548c\u52a8\u4f5c\u5e45\u5ea6\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\u7684\u8010\u78e8\u6307\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e865000\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u8010\u7528\u6027\u6781\u9ad8\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u627f\u53d7\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u800c\u4e0d\u6613\u635f\u574f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5177\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9009\u8d2d\u65f6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u53c2\u8003\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7814\u7a76\u73b0\u72b6\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u4f5c\u4e3a\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u5df2\u5f15\u8d77\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u7684\u5bfc\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u805a\u916f\u7ea4\u7ef4\u9ad8\u51fa\u7ea640%\uff08\u5f20\u4f1f\u7b49\uff0c2022\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u5728\u9ad8\u6e29\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4f53\u964d\u6e29\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u8fd0\u52a8\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u7eba\u7ec7\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u7684\u6297\u83cc\u6027\u80fd\u6e90\u4e8e\u94f6\u79bb\u5b50\u5bf9\u7ec6\u83cc\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u7684\u7834\u574f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u6297\u83cc\u7387\u53ef\u8fbe\u523099.9%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u7c7b\u6750\u6599\uff08\u674e\u6653\u660e\u7b49\uff0c2023\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\uff08MIT\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u8fd0\u52a8\u9762\u6599\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u5728\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u4f18\u52bf\uff08Johnson & Smith, 2021\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u7a7f\u7740\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u5236\u6210\u7684\u66b4\u6c57\u670d\u8fdb\u884c\u8dd1\u6b65\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u5fc3\u7387\u6ce2\u52a8\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e73\u7a33\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u8be5\u6750\u6599\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u6301\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u70ed\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u67cf\u6797\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u957f\u671f\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u94f6\u819c\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u7684\u900f\u6c14\u6027\u6bd4\u666e\u901a\u5c3c\u9f99\u9762\u6599\u9ad8\u51fa\u8fd130%\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u53cd\u590d\u6d17\u6da4\u540e\u4ecd\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff08Schmidt & M\u00fcller, 2022\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n 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